This paper aimed at evaluating biotechnology concerning its application. Major areas of applications identified in the literature are environment, medicine, agriculture, food processing, and industry. Therefore, this review report tries to touch all the aspects of biotechnology in the field. Biotechnology has applied to food processing in most developing countries makes use of microbial inoculants to enhance properties such as the taste, aroma, shelf-life, consistency, and nutritional value of foods/dairy products. Biotechnological approaches are applied to enhance the nutritional, functional and sensory attributes of food in milk, meat, fish, and beverage processing industries. The targeted use of biotechnological methods can, amongst other things, help reduce the quantity and number of unhealthy ingredients in foods as well as remove allergenic substances.

Keywords: Manufacturing, Medicine, Organism, Disease.

Adeogun, B K. 2018. “Biotechnology and Its Applications: A Review.” 1(1): 1–4.

Adeogun, Babatunde. 2019. “Biotechnology and Its Applications : A Review Biotechnology and Its Applications: A Review.” (December 2018).

Anaka, Yoshikazu T et al. 2010. “Flower Color Modification by Engineering of the Flavonoid Biosynthetic Pathway: Practical Perspectives.” 74(9): 1760–69.

Arlen, Philip A. et al. 2008. “Effective Plague Vaccination via Oral Delivery of Plant Cells Expressing F1-V Antigens in Chloroplasts.” Infection and Immunity 76(8): 3640–50.

Brien, M O, and E Mullins. 2009. “Relevance of Genetically Modified Crops in Light of Future Environmental and Legislative Challenges to the Agri-Environment.” 154: 323–40.

Cohen, Joel I. 2001. “Harnessing Biotechnology for the Poor: Challenges Ahead for Capacity, Safety and Public Investment” 2(2).

Crawley, M. J. et al. 2001. “Transgenic Crops in Natural Habitats.” Nature 409(6821): 682–83.

Daniell, James et al. 2016. “Low-Carbon Fuel and Chemical Production by Anaerobic Gas Fermentation".

Dave, Rajiv I., and Nagendra P. Shah. 1997. “Effect of Cysteine on the Viability of Yoghurt and Probiotic Bacteria in Yoghurts Made with Commercial Starter Cultures.” International Dairy Journal 7(8–9): 537–45.

Estrada, Araceli Cano, Daniel Vélez Díaz, and Carlos Alberto Morgado. 2017. “The Role of Biotechnology in Agricultural Production and Food Supply.” 44(1): 1–11.

Faculty, Technology, Milton Keynes, Development Policy, and International Development Centre. 2005. “Science and Technology Capacity Building and Partnership in African Agriculture : Perspectives on Mali and Egypt.” 646: 631–46.

Frigaard, Niels-ulrik. 2016. “Biotechnology of Anoxygenic Phototrophic Bacteria”.

Fu, C, W Hu, Y Wang, and Z Zhu. 2005. “Developments in Transgenic Fish in the People ’ s Republic of China Transgenic Fish Studies in the People ’ s Republic of China.” 24(1): 299–307.

Garg, Ajay K. et al. 2002. “Trehalose Accumulation in Rice Plants Confers High Tolerance Levels to Different Abiotic Stresses.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 99(25): 15898–903.

Gavrilescu, Maria. 2014. “Environmental Biotechnology : Achievements, Opportunities and Challenges Environmental Biotechnology : Achievements, Opportunities and Challenges.” (May).

Graff, Gregory, David Roland-holst, and David Zilberman. 2006. “Agricultural Biotechnology and Poverty Reduction in Low-Income Countries.” 34(8): 1430–45.

Grandi, Guido. 2001. “Antibacterial Vaccine Design Using Genomics and Proteomics.” 19(5): 181–88.

Gupta, S, and R Kaushal. 2018. “General Application of Biotechnology in Agriculture.” 2(2): 12–19.

Hatti-kaul, Rajni, and Bo Mattiasson. 2016. “Anaerobes in Industrial- and Environmental Biotechnology”.

Holmberg, Scott D et al. 2017. “HHS Public Access.” 368(20): 1859–61.

IAC. 2004. “Realizing the Promise and Potential of African Agriculture.” Inter Academy Council.

James, Clive. 2001. ISAAA Briefs Global Review of Commercialized Transgenic Crops : 2000.

Krishna, P S Janaki, and G Pakki Reddy. 2005. “Agricultural Biotechnology in Developing Countries : Nature and ‘Code’ in Meeting the Needs of Resource Poor”.

Lao, Thuan Duc et al. 2017. “Molecular Screening for Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV): Detection of Patients with Nasopharyngeal Brush Samples.” 18: 1675–79.

Lee, Hyejin. 2018. “Capacity Building for Agricultural Biotechnology in Developing Countries.”: 36–45.

Légère, Anne. 2005. “Risks and Consequences of Gene Flow from Herbicide-Resistant Crops: Canola (Brassica Napus L) as a Case Study.” Pest Management Science 61(3): 292–300.

Lokko, Yvonne et al. 2018. “Biotechnology and the Bioeconomy-Towards Inclusive and Sustainable Industrial Development.” New BIOTECHNOLOGY 40: 5–10.

Ma, P Helena. 2000. “Vaccines, Coming of Age after 200 Years.” 24: 9–20.

Mancha, Castilla-la. 2008. “Bt Corn in Spain-the Performance of the EU’ s First GM Crop.” 26(1): 384–86.

Munir, Riffat, and David B Levin. 2016. “Enzyme Systems of Anaerobes for Biomass Conversion”.

Muyanga, Milu. 2009. “Smallholder Adoption and Economic Impacts of Tissue Culture Banana in Kenya.” 8(23): 6548–55.

Nguyen, Trung T, Andrew R Barber, Kendall Corbin, and Wei Zhang. 2017. “Lobster Processing by-products as Valuable Bioresource of Marine Functional Ingredients, Nutraceuticals, and Pharmaceuticals.” Bioresources and Bioprocessing: 1–19.

Owen, Micheal D.K., and Ian A. Zelaya. 2005. “Herbicide-Resistant Crops and Weed Resistance to Herbicides.” Pest Management Science 61(3): 301–11.

Pal, Mahendra et al. 2017. “A Review of Biotechnological Applications in Food Processing of Animal Origin.” American Journal of Food Science and Technology 5(4): 143–48.

Pal, Mahendra, Akshay Bariya, and Vikram Godishala. 2017. “A Review of Biotechnological Applications in Food Processing of Animal Origin.” (August).

Pamuk, Haki, Erwin Bulte, and Adewale A Adekunle. 2014. “Do Decentralized Innovation Systems Promote Agricultural Technology Adoption ? Experimental Evidence from Africa.” Food Policy 44: 227–36.

Philp, Jim C, Rachael J Ritchie, and Jacqueline E M Allan. 2004. “Biobased Chemicals : The Convergence of Green Chemistry with Industrial Biotechnology.” Trends in Biotechnology.

Richmond, Robert H. 2008. “Environmental Protection : Applying the Precautionary Principle and Proactive Regulation to Biotechnology.” (June).

Rydhmer, L, and L F Sundstr. 2013. “Genetically Modified Farm Animals and Fish in Agriculture : A Review.” 153: 1–9.

Sundarraj, A Allwyn et al. 2018. “Food Biotechnology Applications in Dairy and Dairy Products.” 12(4).

Surai, P. F., and N. H.C. Sparks. 2001. “Designer Eggs: From Improvement of Egg Composition to Functional Food.” Trends in Food Science and Technology 12(1): 7–16.

Šuster, Katja, Aleš Podgornik, and Andrej Cör. 2017. “Quick Bacteriophage-Mediated Bioluminescence Assay for Detecting Staphylococcus Spp . in Sonicate Fluid of Orthopaedic Artificial Joints.” 190–96.

Tabassum, Sobia et al. “Journal of Asian Scientific Research.” 2(9): 518–23.

Thitisaksakul, Maysaya, Randi C Jiménez, Maria C Arias, and Diane M Beckles. 2012. “Effects of Environmental Factors on Cereal Starch Biosynthesis and Composition.” Journal of Cereal Science 56(1): 67–80.

Tikhomirova, T S, M S Taraskevich, and O V Ponomarenko. 2018. “The Role of Laboratory-Scale Bioreactors at the Semi-Continuous and Continuous Microbiological and Biotechnological Processes”.

Vimal, Archana, and Awanish Kumar. 2017. “Biotechnological Production and Practical Application of L-Asparaginase Enzyme.” Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Reviews 8725: 1–22.

Wang, Jufang, Meng Lin, Mengmeng Xu, and Shang-tian Yang. 2016. “Anaerobic Fermentation for Production of Carboxylic Acids as Bulk Chemicals from Renewable Biomass”.

Weaver, Sean A., and Michael C. Morris. 2005. “Risks Associated with Genetic Modification: An Annotated Bibliography of Peer Reviewed Natural Science Publications.” Journal of Agricultural and Environmental Ethics 18(2): 157–89.

Wubneh, Mulatu. 2003. “Building Capacity in Africa : The Impact of Institutional, Policy and Resource Factors.” 165–98.

Yadav, Shilpi, and M K Yadav. 2016. “Role of Biotechnology in Agriculture.” 3(2): 75–78.

Zand, Mohammad. 2019. “A Review Article Biotechnology Applications in Medicine.” (January).

Zhou, Jing et al. 2018. “Diversity, Roles, and Biotechnological Applications of Symbiotic Microorganisms in the Gut of Termite.” Current Microbiology.