Keywords: Viola odorata, Bioinformatics Analysis, Protein Structure Prediction, Sequence Analysis, Molecular Docking, Protein–Protein Interactions, Functional Annotation, Computational Biology, Phylogenetic Analysis.

Babu, R., & Srivastava, S. (2024). A rationally optimised batch bioreactor cultivation of Viola odorata plant cells for sustainable production of its key bioactive principles. Plant Cell, Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC), 158(2): 35.

Dastagir, G., Bibi, S., Uza, N.U., Bussmann, R.W., & Ahmad, I. (2023). Microscopic evaluation, ethnobotanical and phytochemical profiling of a traditional drug Viola odorata L. from Pakistan. Ethnobotany Research and Applications, 25: 1–24.

Dhiman, S., Singla, S., Kumar, I., Palia, P., Kumar, P., & Goyal, S. (2023). Protection of Viola odorata L. against neurodegenerative diseases: Potential of the extract and major phytoconstituents. Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology, 100105.

Fazeenah, A., & Quamri, M.A. (2020). Banafsha (Viola odorata Linn.)—A review. World Journal of Pharmaceutical Research, 9(10): 514–537.

Ibraheem, R., Mhawesh, A., & Abood, K. (2018). Estimation of the whole flavonoid, antioxidant, and antibacterial activity of Viola odorata (Banafsha) methanolic extract. Iraqi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 49(4).

Mahboubi, M., & Kashani, L.M.T. (2018). A narrative study about the role of Viola odorata as a traditional medicinal plant in management of respiratory problems. Advances in Integrative Medicine, 5(3): 112–118.

Mehraban, M.S.A., Shirzad, M., Kashani, L.M.T., Ahmadian-Attari, M.M., Safari, A.A., Ansari, N., Hatami, H., & Kamalinejad, M. (2023). Efficacy and safety of add-on Viola odorata L. in the treatment of COVID-19: A randomized double-blind controlled trial. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 304: 116058.

Motavasselian, M., Salari, R., Feyzabadi, Z., Joharchi, M.R., & Ghazanfari, S.M. (2022). A review of the therapeutic effects of Viola odorata plant in traditional Iranian medicine and modern medicine. Complementary Medicine Journal, 12(2): 118–125.

Narayani, M., Varsha, M.S., Potunuru, U.R., Beaula, W.S., Rayala, S.K., Dixit, M., Chadha, A., & Srivastava, S. (2018). Production of bioactive cyclotides in somatic embryos of Viola odorata. Phytochemistry, 156: 135–141.

Sikander, T., Bhatti, A.A., Mushtaq, Z., Shahid, M., Nighat, F., & Anwar, S. (2021). Evaluation of the bioactive role of indigenous Viola odorata leaf extracts. Pakistan Journal of Botany, 53(2): 541–549.

Slazak, B., Kapusta, M., Strömstedt, A.A., Słomka, A., Krychowiak, M., Shariatgorji, M., Andrén, P.E., Bohdanowicz, J., Kuta, E., & Göransson, U. (2018). How does the sweet violet (Viola odorata L.) fight pathogens and pests: Cyclotides as a comprehensive plant host defense system. Frontiers in Plant Science, 9: 1296.

Source of Funding:

This study received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

Competing Interests Statement:

The authors declare that they have no competing interests related to this work.

Consent for publication:

The authors declare that they consented to the publication of this study.

Authors' contributions:

Conceptualization, U.B.; methodology, U.B.; formal analysis, A.B.; investigation, M.B.; writing—original draft preparation, U.B.; writing—review and editing; supervision, U.B. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

Institutional Review Board Statement:

The study was approved by the Institutional Review Board of Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan.