Background: Siddha system of medicine depends largely on herbal for the treatment of diseases which was practiced at village levels and now becomes an important medicine in worldwide, According to the Akasthiyar -2000-Part– III textbook, Saaranai Chooranam is a herbal drug that is indicated for Raththa kothippu (Systemic Hypertension) Saaranai is the Tamil name for Trianthema portulacastrum, which belongs to the family Aizoaceae. Aim & Objective: This study primarily aims to evaluate the Physicochemical and Phytochemical evaluation of Saaranai Chooranam, Preliminary Phytochemical analysis such as High Performed Thin Layered Chromatography and Powder Microscopy of Saaranai Chooranam. Methodology: The Physicochemical analysis of Saaranai Chooranam is carried out using standard procedures. Results: Preliminary Phytochemical screening found, the presence of phytochemicals such as Proteins, Terpenoids, Alkaloids, Carbohydrates, and Tannins. High-performance thin-layer chromatography fingerprinting revealed the presence of many phytochemicals with different Rf values and densitometric scans of the plates showed numerous bands and peaks. The Powder Microscopy reveals the presence ofTracheidal fibre, Vessel with bordered pits, Calcium oxalate crystal, Stone cell, Group of sclereids with brownish content, Paracytic stomata and surrounding subsidiary cells, Rosette Calcium oxalate crystal, Sclereid with narrow lumen, Thick walled cells, Tracheidal fibre and Trichome. Physicochemical analysis revealed the values of total ash (17.86%), acid-insoluble ash (1.34%), water-soluble ash (13.62), sulphated ash (25.72%), pH (6.05 in 4% alcohol solution), volatile oil (0.5%), foaming index (111.11%) and swelling index (4ml). Conclusion: This study is an effort to explore the different Physico and Phytochemical compounds of Saaranai Chooranam effective in the management of Raththa kothippu (Systemic hypertension).

Keywords: Akasthiyar-2000, Physicochemical, High-performance thin layer Chromatography, Raththa kothippu.

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Source of Funding:

This study did not receive any grant from funding agencies in the public or not-for-profit sectors.

Competing Interests Statement:

The authors have declared no competing interests.

Consent for Publication:

The authors declare that they consented to the publication of this study.

Authors’ Contribution:

All authors took part in literature review, research, and manuscript writing equally.

Acknowledgements:

The corresponding author expresses his/her sincere thanks to Dr.A.Manoharan M.D(S), Ph.D., Professor and HOD, and Dr.S.Umakalyani M.D(S), Senior Lecturer, Department of Pothumaruthuvam, GSMC & H, Palayamkottai for their valuable guidance. The corresponding author likewise thanks Siddha Research Regional Institute, Thiruvananthapuram for completing this research work.