The Prevalence and Fluoroquinolone Susceptibility Pattern of Salmonella typhi among Patients Attending Tertiary Care Hospitals in Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria

Typhoid fever has continued to pose a serious threat to public health in low income countries with poor hygiene standards and sanitary conditions. In Nigeria, enteric fever constitutes a socio-medical problem responsible for many cases of pyrexia of unknown origin. The study was designed at determining the incidence of reduced susceptibility to routinely prescribed fluoroquinolones to patients diagnosed with typhoid fever in Kaduna metropolis. Stool samples were collected from patients attending hospitals and cultured using selective isolation media with prior enrichment using the spread plate method. Presumptive isolates were identified and characterized using conventional biochemical methods and identified by specific antisera. Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was employed for the antimicrobial susceptibility testing using fluoroquinolones. 17.48% of the samples were found positive for the growth of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi, confirming the typhoid fever. The prevalence between males and females differed with 11.17% and 5.34% respectively. Result of the sensitivity test showed resistant to fluoroquinolones. Fluoroquinolone-resistant strain of Salmonella Typhi in the study area highlights the need for a strong collaboration between the physicians and the laboratory to discourage the development of the fluoroquinolones-resistant strain of bacterial pathogens.

Keywords: Fluoroquinolone, Prevalence, Quinolone, Resistance, Samples, Significance, Susceptible.

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